⏰ KiraWaktu

⏱️ The Basics of Time (Masa & Waktu)

Time tells us when something happens and how long it lasts. We measure it in seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months and years.

🕐 Reading a Clock

• The short hand points to the hour.
• The long hand points to the minutes.
• The clock face is split into 12 big marks (hours) and 60 small marks (minutes).
• a.m. = before noon (midnight to 11:59). p.m. = after noon (12:00 to 11:59 at night).
• 12-hour clock: 1:00 – 12:59 repeating twice a day. 24-hour clock: 00:00 – 23:59, used for timetables.

➕ Adding & Subtracting Time (Math Tips)

• When adding minutes, if the total reaches 60 or more, carry over 1 hour. Example: 45 min + 30 min = 75 min = 1 hour 15 minutes.
• When subtracting and the minutes are not enough, borrow 60 minutes from 1 hour first. Example: 2:10 − 0:40 → borrow: 1:70 − 0:40 = 1:30.
• To find the difference between two times, convert both to minutes since midnight, subtract, then convert back to hours and minutes.
• To find the difference between two dates, count the days between them, then group into months, weeks and days.

💡 Quick Example

School starts at 7:30 a.m. and ends at 1:15 p.m. How long is the school day?

7:30 a.m. → 1:15 p.m. is 5 hours 45 minutes. Try it yourself in the Calculator tab, then head to the Quiz to practice!